BacEnglishLab

Welcome to

BacEnglishLab

Your complete English preparation companion for the Moroccan Baccalaureate exam — created by Prof. Omar Hajji, who brings over 20+ years of experience.

🎯

Get the highest marks on the BAC English exam — without expensive private classes, studying at your own pace, anytime, anywhere.

This platform was created by Prof. Omar Hajji, who brings more than 20 years of experience to BAC English preparation. Prof. Omar has guided thousands of 2nd-year Baccalaureate students through the national exam, and BacEnglishLab brings together everything he teaches in class — video lessons, vocabulary, grammar, writing practice, reading comprehension, and full mock exams — into one platform you can use anywhere, anytime. With live sessions, AI-powered writing feedback, and bilingual explanations in English and Arabic, you'll have everything you need to master the BAC English exam.

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احصل على أعلى نقطة في امتحان الباكالوريا للغة الإنجليزية — بدون دروس خصوصية مكلفة، وبإيقاعك الخاص، في أي وقت ومن أي مكان.

تم إنشاء هذه المنصة من طرف الأستاذ عمر حجي، الذي يجمع أكثر من 20 سنة من الخبرة في تحضير الباكالوريا. رافق الأستاذ عمر آلاف تلاميذ السنة الثانية باكالوريا نحو الامتحان الوطني. منصة BacEnglishLab تجمع كل ما يدرّسه في القسم — دروس مصوّرة، مفردات، قواعد، تعبير كتابي، فهم نص، وامتحانات تجريبية — في فضاء واحد بين يديك في أي وقت وأي مكان.

Prof. Omar Hajji

Founder

📹 Watch the Introduction

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Introduction video — coming soon

الفيديو التعريفي — قريباً

Everything you'll find inside

What's in the platform

📚

10 Full BAC Units

Every 2nd-year BAC unit covered with video lessons, vocabulary, grammar, functions, and writing — Gifts of Youth, Education, Sustainable Development, Women & Power, and more.

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Game Lab

6 interactive games — Word Quiz, Word Match, Grammar Challenge, Type It Right, Say It Right, BAC Blitz — with 137+ questions across all units.

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Writing Lab

10 writing types with 3-stage guidance: Learn, Plan, then Write — with bilingual AI feedback that catches off-topic answers and gives you a real BAC-style score.

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Reading Lab

20 BAC-style reading texts (2 per unit), each with 6 comprehension exercises and full model answers.

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Exam Lab

20 full mock BAC exams — 40 points each, 2-hour timer, real exam format. Comprehension, language, and writing — all scored.

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Practice Lab

13 topics · 215 targeted exercises — word formation, all 8 tenses, phrasal verbs, conditionals, wishes, modals, passive, reported speech and more. Each topic comes with a clear rules reminder.

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Live Sessions

Live classes with Prof. Omar inside the platform — Q&A, exam walkthroughs, personalised feedback. Recordings available if you miss a session.

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2nd Year Baccalaureate · English

Master English
for the Bac Exam
with Confidence

10

Complete Units

50+

Video Lessons

200+

Quiz Questions

Curriculum

All 10 Units Covered

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01

Gifts of Youth

الشباب والمواهب

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02

Humour

الفكاهة

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03

Education

التعليم

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04

Sustainable Development

التنمية المستدامة

🔓

05

Women and Power

المرأة والسلطة

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06

Cultural Issues and Values

القضايا والقيم الثقافية

🔓

07

Citizenship

المواطنة

🔓

08

Brain Drain

هجرة الأدمغة

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09

Advances in Science and Technology

التقدم العلمي والتكنولوجي

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10

International Organizations

المنظمات الدولية

Interactive Tools

The 6 Labs

Practice every BAC skill with dedicated interactive tools — games, writing, reading, full exam simulations, targeted grammar drills, and weekly live sessions with Prof. Omar.

🎮 GameLab

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GameLab

6 vocabulary and grammar games — Word Quiz, Word Match, Grammar Challenge, Type It Right, Say It Right, and BAC Blitz. 10 questions per round across all 10 units.

6 games · 10 units · 137+ questions

✍️ Writing Lab

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Writing Lab

10 writing types with 3-stage guidance: Learn the structure, Plan your writing, then Write with live feedback. Covers paragraphs, essays, emails, reports, and more.

10 writing types · AI feedback · Model answers

📖 Reading Lab

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Reading Lab

20 BAC-style reading texts — 2 per unit. Each with 6 comprehension exercises: True/False, Answer questions, Complete sentences, Synonyms, References, and Writer's purpose.

20 texts · 6 exercises each · Model answers

📋 Exam Lab

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Exam Lab

40 full BAC exam simulations — Tests A, B, C and D per unit. Each exam has 3 sections (Comprehension, Language, Writing), 40 points, and a 2-hour countdown timer.

40 exams · 40 pts each · 2h timer

📝 Practice Lab

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Practice Lab

Targeted practice on the BAC's most-tested points — word formation, all 8 tenses, phrasal verbs, linking words, conditionals 2 & 3, wishes, modals, gerund & infinitive, passive voice, reported speech, relative pronouns and functions. Each topic comes with a clear rules reminder and instant feedback.

13 topics · 31 drills · 215 exercises

📡 Live Sessions

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Live Sessions Lab

Weekly live BAC English sessions with Prof. Omar on Zoom — exam strategy, writing workshops, and Q&A. Past sessions stay accessible as YouTube replays.

Weekly Zoom · YouTube replays · Open to all members

📥 Downloads

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Downloadable Resources

12 rich printable resources — unit summaries, tenses, vocabulary, collocations, functions, phrasal verbs, grammar charts, irregular verbs, word formation, writing templates with models, linking words, and exam strategy guide.

12 Resources · Print-ready · Full BAC coverage

Place all files in the same folder to activate all links.

Unit 01 · Gifts of Youth

Gifts of Youth — مواهب الشباب

الوحدة الأولى: الشباب والمواهب

Vocabulary & Collocations Word Formation Gerund / Infinitive Functions Writing

📹 Unit Lesson Video

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▶ Unit 1 · Gifts of Youth

Key Vocabulary — المفردات الأساسية

Word	Meaning	الشرح بالعربية
youth	young people	الشباب
gift	talent / ability	نعمة / موهبة
opportunity	chance	فرصة
responsibility	duty	مسؤولية
creativity	ability to create	الإبداع
ambition	strong desire to succeed	الطموح
volunteering	helping without payment	العمل التطوعي

Important Collocations — التعابير المركّبة

Collocation	Meaning	الشرح بالعربية
gifts of youth	talents young people have	مواهب وطاقات الشباب
youth empowerment	giving youth power and confidence	تمكين الشباب
active citizenship	participation in society	المواطنة الفعالة
voluntary work	unpaid social work	العمل التطوعي
leadership skills	ability to lead	مهارات القيادة
equal opportunities	same chances for all	تكافؤ الفرص
social engagement	involvement in society	الانخراط الاجتماعي

Word Formation — اشتقاق الكلمات

Base	Noun	Adjective	الشرح
educate	education	educational	التعليم
create	creation	creative	الإبداع
participate	participation	participative	المشاركة
contribute	contribution	contributive	المساهمة
lead	leadership	leading	القيادة
develop	development	developed	التنمية
motivate	motivation	motivated	التحفيز
empower	empowerment	empowered	التمكين

Gerund – Infinitive – Bare Infinitive

🔵 I. Gerund (Verb + ING)

بعض الأفعال والتعابير كيجي من بعدها فعل بـ ing

1. After some verbs: enjoy – avoid – finish – suggest – like – hate – keep – practice

Young people enjoy volunteering.

He avoids wasting time.

2. After prepositions (in / on / at / by / after / before…)

Youth succeed by working hard.

She is interested in helping others.

3. After fixed expressions: look forward to / it's no use / it's worth / can't stand / would you mind

I look forward to meeting new people.

It's worth supporting youth projects.

He can't stand wasting time.

🟢 II. Infinitive (to + verb)

هاد الأفعال كتدل على الرغبة أو القرار، وكيجي من بعدها to + verb

1. After verbs: want – hope – decide – plan – agree – need – refuse

Youth want to succeed.

He decided to join a youth club.

2. After adjectives: happy – proud – ready – willing – eager – glad

Young people are eager to learn.

She is proud to represent her school.

🟡 III. Bare Infinitive (verb without "to")

من بعد modal verbs وبعد make / let / help كيجي الفعل بلا to

1. After modal verbs: can – must – should – may – might – will

Youth can change society.

Young people must respect the law.

2. After make, let, help

This program makes students work harder.

Parents let their children choose freely.

Volunteering helps youth develop skills.

Functions — Giving Opinion / Agreeing / Disagreeing

💬 Giving Opinion

In my opinion,

في رأيي

I think that…

أعتقد أن

I believe that…

أؤمن بأن

From my point of view,

من وجهة نظري

✅ Agreeing

I agree with you

أتفق معك

That's true

هذا صحيح

Exactly

بالضبط

You're absolutely right

أنت محق تمامًا

❌ Disagreeing

I disagree

لا أتفق

I don't think so

لا أظن ذلك

I'm afraid I don't agree

أخشى أنني لا أتفق

On the contrary,

على النقيض

📝 BAC Tip

فالباك: كيجي اختيار الجواب الصحيح أو respond to situations — تعرف تستعمل هاد التعبيرات صح.

Writing Task — Describing a Person

1

Introduction: Who is the person? (age / relation)

2

Physical appearance: Height, build, hair, face

3

Personality & qualities: Responsible, ambitious, creative…

4

Role / activities: Volunteering, studying, leadership

5

Conclusion: Your opinion or feeling about youth

📝 Model Answer

Young people play an important role in society. I would like to describe my cousin Yassine, who is a very active young man. He is tall and slim, with short black hair. Yassine is responsible, ambitious, and creative. He spends his free time volunteering in his neighbourhood and helping younger students. What I admire most about him is his sense of responsibility and leadership. In my opinion, young people like Yassine are real gifts to society.

💡 Useful Expressions

He is a young person who… He is known for his… What I admire most is… He plays an important role in…

Ready to test yourself? 🎯

Take the Unit 1 interactive quiz — vocabulary, grammar, word formation & more

Unit 1 · Gifts of Youth

Interactive Quiz

Test your knowledge of vocabulary, grammar, and word formation

Exercise 1

Vocabulary — Choose the correct adjective

8 pts

Choose from: responsible – creative – ambitious – motivated – active – independent – talented – confident

Exercise 2

Word Formation — Use the correct form

8 pts

Exercise 3

Grammar — Gerund (after verbs, prepositions & fixed expressions)

15 pts

A. After Some Verbs

B. After Prepositions

C. After Fixed Expressions

Exercise 4

Grammar — Infinitive (after verbs & adjectives)

8 pts

A. After Some Verbs

B. After Adjectives

Exercise 5

Grammar — Bare Infinitive (modal verbs & make/let/help)

6 pts

A. After Modal Verbs

B. After Make, Let, Help

Exercise 6

Functions — Choose the correct expression

6 pts

Unit 3 · Education

Education — التعليم

التعليم

📹 Unit Lesson Video

▶

▶ Unit 3 · Education

Overview: Unit 3 covers formal, informal and non-formal education, the past perfect tense, making complaints, and report writing.

تتناول الوحدة أنواع التعليم المختلفة وأهميتها في تنمية الفرد والمجتمع.

Key Vocabulary — المفردات الأساسية

Word / Expression	المعنى بالعربية
formal education	التعليم النظامي
informal education	التعليم غير الرسمي
non-formal education	التعليم غير النظامي
basic education	التعليم الأساسي
vocational education	التعليم المهني
literacy classes	دروس محو الأمية
fight illiteracy	محاربة الأمية
adult illiteracy	الأمية لدى الكبار
multimedia room	قاعة متعددة الوسائط
drop out of school	الانقطاع عن الدراسة
gender discrimination	التمييز بين الجنسين
gifted students	التلاميذ الموهوبون
university graduate	خريج جامعي
boarding school	مدرسة داخلية
critical thinking	التفكير النقدي
curriculum	المنهاج
qualification	مؤهل / شهادة
lifelong learning	التعلم مدى الحياة

Collocations — المتلازمات اللفظية

Collocation	الترجمة بالعربية
higher education	التعليم العالي
compulsory education	التعليم الإلزامي
lifelong learning	التعلم مدى الحياة
school dropout	الانقطاع عن الدراسة
literacy programme	برنامج محو الأمية
vocational training	التكوين المهني
educational system	النظام التعليمي
academic achievement	التحصيل الدراسي
pass an exam	ينجح في الامتحان
sit for an exam	يجتاز الامتحان
gain knowledge	يكتسب المعرفة
acquire skills	يكتسب المهارات

Word Formation — اشتقاق الكلمات

Base	Verb	Noun	Adjective
educate	educate	education	educational
train	train	training	trained
qualify	qualify	qualification	qualified
develop	develop	development	developed
improve	improve	improvement	improved
instruct	instruct	instruction	instructional

The Past Perfect Tense — الماضي التام

Form: had + past participle

She had finished the course.

They had attended the workshop.

Use: Action before another past action

نستعمل الماضي التام للتعبير عن حدث وقع قبل حدث آخر في الماضي

She had completed the training before she applied.

The workshop had started when we arrived.

Key Rule: Older → Past Perfect | Recent → Past Simple

Structure 1: Past Perfect + before/when/by the time + Past Simple

Structure 2: Past Simple + after/as soon as + Past Perfect

By the time we arrived, the lecture had begun.

Making and Responding to Complaints — الشكاوى

😤 Making Complaints

I'm afraid I have a complaint.

أود تقديم شكاية.

I'm not satisfied with the course.

لست راضياً عن الدورة.

There seems to be a problem with...

يبدو أن هناك مشكلاً في...

✅ Responding

I'm sorry to hear that.

أنا آسف لسماع ذلك.

We apologize for the inconvenience.

نعتذر عن الإزعاج.

We will solve it as soon as possible.

سنعالج المشكل في أقرب وقت.

📝 BAC Tip

فالباك: كتجي situation وخاصك تعبر على شكاية أو ترد عليها.

Writing: A Report About an Educational Event

1

Title

2

Introduction: Date, time, place

3

Body: Who attended + activities

4

Reactions: How participants felt

5

Conclusion: Overall evaluation

Report on Career Guidance Workshop

On 15 March 2025, a career guidance workshop was organized in the school conference hall from 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. The event was attended by 60 second-year Baccalaureate students.

During the workshop, a presentation on career choices was delivered. Then, students participated in group discussions. By the time the workshop ended, students had gained useful information about future career opportunities.

Overall, the participants found the workshop informative and beneficial. It was a successful and well-organized event.

Ready to test yourself? 🎯

Take the Unit 3 interactive quiz

Unit 3 · Education

Interactive Quiz

Exercise 1

Vocabulary — Gap Filling

10 pts

Choose from: literacy classes – fight illiteracy – drop out of school – vocational education – multimedia room – gender discrimination – university graduate – boarding school – critical thinking – basic education

Exercise 2

Word Formation

10 pts

Exercise 3

Grammar — Past Simple or Past Perfect

10 pts

Exercise 4

Functions — Complaints (MCQ)

5 pts

Unit 4 · Sustainable Development

Sustainable Development — التنمية المستدامة

التنمية المستدامة

📹 Unit Lesson Video

▶

▶ Unit 4 · Sustainable Development

Overview: Unit 4 covers environmental challenges, future tenses (simple and perfect), making requests, and paragraph writing.

تتناول الوحدة التنمية المستدامة وأهمية حماية البيئة للأجيال القادمة.

Key Vocabulary — المفردات الأساسية

Word / Expression	المعنى بالعربية
sustainable development	التنمية المستدامة
renewable energy	الطاقة المتجددة
pollution	التلوث
climate change	التغير المناخي
natural resources	الموارد الطبيعية
recycling	إعادة التدوير
carbon emissions	انبعاثات الكربون
biodiversity	التنوع البيولوجي
deforestation	إزالة الغابات
global warming	الاحترار العالمي

Collocations — المتلازمات اللفظية

Collocation	الترجمة بالعربية
renewable energy	الطاقة المتجددة
sustainable development	التنمية المستدامة
environmental protection	حماية البيئة
climate change	تغير المناخ
global warming	الاحتباس الحراري
greenhouse gases	الغازات الدفيئة
water shortage	ندرة المياه
natural resources	الموارد الطبيعية
reduce pollution	يقلل التلوث
recycle waste	يعيد تدوير النفايات
save energy	يوفر الطاقة
protect biodiversity	يحمي التنوع البيولوجي

Word Formation — اشتقاق الكلمات

Base	Noun	Adjective
develop	development	developed
sustain	sustainability	sustainable
pollute	pollution	polluted
protect	protection	protective
environment	environment	environmental
recycle	recycling	recyclable

Future Simple vs Future Perfect — المستقبل البسيط والتام

Future Simple: will + base verb

للتنبؤ، الوعود، والقرارات المستقبلية

Governments will reduce pollution.

People will use more renewable energy.

Future Perfect: will have + past participle

للتعبير عن حدث سيكتمل قبل وقت محدد في المستقبل — key word: BY

By 2030, countries will have reduced carbon emissions.

By next year, we will have planted 1,000 trees.

Key: by + future time → Future Perfect ✅

by 2030 / by next year / by the end of the month / by the time + clause

Making Requests — الطلبات

🙏 Making Requests

Can you recycle these bottles, please?

هل يمكنك إعادة تدوير هذه الزجاجات؟

Could you turn off the lights?

هل يمكنك إطفاء الأضواء؟

Would you mind saving energy?

هل تمانع في توفير الطاقة؟

✅ Accepting

Of course.

بالطبع.

No problem.

لا مشكلة.

I'd be happy to help.

يسعدني المساعدة.

❌ Refusing

I'm sorry, I can't.

آسف، لا أستطيع.

I'm afraid I'm not able to.

أخشى أنني غير قادر.

Writing: A Paragraph

1

Topic Sentence: Main idea

2

Supporting Ideas: Explanations & examples

3

Concluding Sentence: Final opinion

First In addition Moreover For these reasons

My favourite concern for the planet is renewable energy for the following reasons. First, it is clean and does not harm the environment. In addition, it helps reduce carbon emissions. Moreover, investing in renewable energy creates new job opportunities. For these reasons, I believe renewable energy is the most important solution to climate change.

Ready to test yourself? 🎯

Take the Unit 4 interactive quiz

Unit 4 · Sustainable Development

Interactive Quiz

Exercise 1

Vocabulary — Gap Filling

5 pts

Choose from: renewable energy – pollution – biodiversity – carbon emissions – recycling

Exercise 2

Word Formation

5 pts

Exercise 3

Grammar — Future Simple or Future Perfect

10 pts

Exercise 4

Functions — Requests (MCQ)

3 pts

Unit 5 · Women and Power

Women and Power — المرأة والسلطة

المرأة والسلطة

📹 Unit Lesson Video

▶

▶ Unit 5 · Women and Power

Overview: Unit 5 explores women's roles in leadership and society, the passive voice, giving advice, and film review writing.

تتناول الوحدة دور المرأة في المجتمع والقيادة والمساواة بين الجنسين وتمكين المرأة.

Key Vocabulary — المفردات الأساسية

Word / Expression	المعنى بالعربية
gender equality	المساواة بين الجنسين
empowerment	التمكين
leadership	القيادة
discrimination	التمييز
women's rights	حقوق المرأة
role model	قدوة
achievement	إنجاز
political participation	المشاركة السياسية
stereotype	صورة نمطية
equal opportunities	فرص متكافئة

Collocations — المتلازمات اللفظية

Collocation	الترجمة بالعربية
gender equality	المساواة بين الجنسين
equal opportunities	فرص متساوية
women's rights	حقوق المرأة
decision-making positions	مناصب صنع القرار
break the glass ceiling	يكسر السقف الزجاجي
political participation	المشاركة السياسية
female leadership	القيادة النسائية
women's empowerment	تمكين المرأة
fight discrimination	يحارب التمييز
access education	الولوج إلى التعليم
achieve success	يحقق النجاح
career advancement	التقدم المهني

Word Formation — اشتقاق الكلمات

Base	Noun	Adjective
equal	equality	equal
empower	empowerment	empowered
achieve	achievement	achieved
lead	leadership	leading
discriminate	discrimination	discriminatory
educate	education	educated

The Passive Voice — المبني للمجهول

Why use the Passive?

نستعمل المبني للمجهول عندما يكون الفاعل غير مهم أو غير معروف

1. The doer is unknown

2. The action is more important than the doer

3. In formal writing

Form: Object + be + past participle (+ by + subject)

Active: People respect women leaders.

Passive: Women leaders are respected (by people).

Passive Forms by Tense

Present Simple: is/are + pp → Women are respected.

Past Simple: was/were + pp → Laws were passed.

Future: will be + pp → Rights will be guaranteed.

Present Perfect: have/has been + pp → Achievements have been recognized.

Asking for and Giving Advice — طلب النصيحة وتقديمها

❓ Asking for Advice

What should I do?

ماذا يجب أن أفعل؟

What do you advise me to do?

ماذا تنصحني أن أفعل؟

Do you think I should...?

هل تعتقد أنني يجب...؟

💡 Giving Advice

You should work hard.

يجب عليك العمل بجد.

You ought to participate more.

ينبغي لك المشاركة أكثر.

If I were you, I would study law.

لو كنت مكانك لدرست القانون.

I advise you to defend women's rights.

أنصحك بالدفاع عن حقوق المرأة.

📝 BAC Tip

فالباك: كتجيك situation — respond by giving advice or asking for it.

Writing: A Film Review

1

Introduction: Title, genre, director

2

Summary: Briefly describe the story

3

Message/Theme: Main idea of the film

4

Personal Opinion: Your view of the film

5

Recommendation: Should others watch it?

Review of Hidden Figures

Hidden Figures is a drama directed by Theodore Melfi. The film tells the story of women who worked in science despite discrimination. The performances were excellent, and the message was inspiring. The film shows that women can achieve great success when given equal opportunities. In my opinion, it is an inspiring and motivating film that everyone should watch.

Ready to test yourself? 🎯

Take the Unit 5 interactive quiz

Unit 5 · Women and Power

Interactive Quiz

Exercise 1

Vocabulary — Gap Filling

5 pts

Choose from: empowerment – discrimination – leadership – equality – stereotypes

Exercise 2

Word Formation

5 pts

Exercise 3

Grammar — Passive Voice (MCQ)

5 pts

Exercise 4

Functions — Advice (MCQ)

5 pts

Unit 02 · Humour

Humour — الفكاهة

الوحدة الثانية: الفكاهة ودورها في حياة الإنسان

Vocabulary & Word Formation Modal Verbs Functions Writing

📹 Unit Lesson Video

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▶ Unit 2 · Humour

Key Vocabulary — المفردات الأساسية

Word / Expression	Meaning	المعنى بالعربية
humour	the quality of being funny	الفكاهة
joke	something said to cause laughter	نكتة
funny	causing laughter	مضحك
laughter	the act of laughing	الضحك
sense of humour	ability to appreciate jokes	حس الفكاهة
comedian	a person who performs comedy	كوميدي
audience	people watching a performance	جمهور
embarrassing	causing embarrassment	محرج
scary	causing fear	مخيف
amusing	entertaining, mildly funny	مسلٍ

Collocations — المتلازمات اللفظية

Collocation	الترجمة بالعربية
sense of humour	حس الفكاهة
tell a joke	يحكي نكتة
crack a joke	يلقي نكتة
burst out laughing	ينفجر ضحكًا
make fun of	يسخر من
laugh at	يضحك على
play a prank on	يمزح مع / يخدع على سبيل المزاح
have a good laugh	يستمتع بالضحك
see the funny side	يرى الجانب المضحك
humorous remark	تعليق فكاهي
comic situation	موقف كوميدي
funny story	قصة مضحكة

Word Formation — اشتقاق الكلمات

Base Word	Verb	Noun	Adjective
humour	—	humour	humorous
laugh	laugh	laughter	laughing
amuse	amuse	amusement	amusing
embarrass	embarrass	embarrassment	embarrassing
fright	frighten	fright	frightening
entertain	entertain	entertainment	entertaining
comedy	—	comedy	comic
joke	joke	joke	joking

Modal Verbs — الأفعال الشرطية

Function	Present	Past	الترجمة
Ability	can / could / be able to	was/were able to / could	القدرة على فعل شيء
Possibility	may / might / could	might have / could have	احتمال حدوث شيء
Permission	can / may	was allowed to / could	الحصول على إذن
Request	can / could / would	—	طلب شيء من شخص
Obligation	must / have to	had to	الواجب أو الإلزام
Lack of obligation	don't have to / needn't	didn't have to	عدم الضرورة
Prohibition	mustn't	wasn't allowed to / couldn't	المنع من فعل شيء
Advice	should / ought to	should have / ought to have	تقديم نصيحة
Certainty (+)	must	must have	التأكيد الإيجابي
Certainty (−)	can't	can't have / couldn't have	التأكيد السلبي

Examples in Context

When he was young, he could swim very well. (ability - past)

She must be at home now; the lights are on. (certainty positive)

That story can't be true; it sounds impossible. (certainty negative)

He was late; he must have missed the bus. (past deduction)

Students mustn't use phones during the exam. (prohibition)

Functions — Expressing Lack of Understanding & Asking for Clarification

😕 Lack of Understanding

I don't understand.

أنا لا أفهم.

I didn't get it.

لم أفهم ذلك.

What do you mean?

ماذا تقصد؟

🔍 Asking for Clarification

Could you explain, please?

هل يمكنك أن توضح؟

What do you mean by…?

ماذا تقصد بـ...؟

Do you mean that…?

هل تقصد أن...؟

🔁 Asking to Repeat

Sorry, I didn't catch that.

آسف، لم أسمع ذلك.

Could you repeat that?

هل يمكنك الإعادة؟

Could you clarify that, please?

هل يمكنك التوضيح؟

Writing Task — Funny, Scary or Embarrassing Story

1

Set the scene: When and where did it happen?

2

Describe what happened: Use past tenses

3

Explain the problem or surprise: What was unexpected?

4

Describe reactions: How did you / others feel?

5

End with a result or lesson: What did you learn?

when suddenly although because so in the end

📝 Model Answer

Last year, I experienced a very embarrassing moment at school. It happened during an English class when I was giving a presentation. I was confident at first, but suddenly I realized that I had forgotten my lines. Everyone was looking at me, so I felt very nervous. Although the situation was embarrassing, I started laughing, and the whole class laughed with me. In the end, it became a funny memory that I will never forget.

Ready to test yourself? 🎯

Take the Unit 2 interactive quiz — vocabulary, word formation, modal verbs & functions

Unit 2 · Humour

Interactive Quiz

Vocabulary, Word Formation, Modal Verbs & Functions

Exercise 1

Vocabulary — Fill in the blanks

10 pts

Choose from: joke – audience – funny – comedian – embarrassing – atmosphere – amusing – humour – laughter – scary

Exercise 2

Word Formation — Use the correct form

10 pts

Exercise 3

Grammar — Modal Verbs

10 pts

Exercise 4

Functions — Choose the correct expression

5 pts

Unit 06 · Cultural Issues and Values

Cultural Issues and Values — القيم الثقافية

القيم الثقافية

📹 Unit Lesson Video

▶

▶ Unit 6 · Cultural Issues and Values

Overview: Unit 6 covers cultural values, traditions, and social behaviours. Students explore vocabulary on culture, phrasal verbs, apologising, and personal email writing.

تركز الوحدة على القيم الثقافية والعادات والتقاليد داخل المجتمعات المختلفة وأهمية التسامح والاحترام والهوية الثقافية.

Key Vocabulary — المفردات الأساسية

Word / Expression	المعنى بالعربية
tradition	التقاليد
custom	عادة
values	القيم
heritage	التراث
diversity	التنوع
tolerance	التسامح
respect	الاحترام
identity	الهوية
belief	معتقد
cultural exchange	التبادل الثقافي

Collocations — التعابير المركبة

Collocation	المعنى بالعربية
culture shock	صدمة ثقافية
table manners	آداب المائدة
melting pot	بوتقة انصهار الثقافات
deeply rooted	متجذر بعمق
cultural heritage	التراث الثقافي
traditional values	القيم التقليدية
cultural diversity	التنوع الثقافي

Phrasal Verbs — List A

Phrasal Verb	المعنى	Usage
apply for	يتقدم لـ	job, visa
break down	يتوقف عن العمل	machine, car
call for	يطالب بـ	action
stand for	يعني / يمثل	NGO
give up	يتوقف عن	smoking
keep on	يستمر	working
turn down	يرفض	offer
pick up	يتعلم	language
make up	يخترع	story
put out	يطفئ	fire
take up	يبدأ	hobby
put off	يؤجل	meeting
go through	يعاني من	experience
look after	يعتني بـ	child

Phrasal Verbs — List B

Phrasal Verb	المعنى	Usage
look up	يبحث عن	dictionary
bring about	يسبب	change
look forward to	ينتظر	event
set up	يؤسس	business
find out	يكتشف	truth
fill in	يملأ	form
hand out	يوزع	papers
hand in	يسلم	homework
pass away	يتوفى	person
set off	ينطلق	trip
check in	يسجل	hotel
take after	يشبه	father
put up with	يتحمل	noise
make up	يصلح	after fight

Phrasal Verbs — الأفعال المركبة

What is a Phrasal Verb?

فعل + حرف جر أو ظرف يعطي معنى جديداً مختلفاً عن الفعل الأصلي

give up = يتوقف عن (not "give" + "up" separately)

pick up = يتعلم / يلتقط

look after = يعتني بـ

Group A — Common Phrasal Verbs (Part 1)

Phrasal Verb	المعنى	Example
give up	يتوقف عن	He gave up smoking.
take up	يبدأ هواية	She took up painting.
put off	يؤجل	They put off the meeting.
look after	يعتني بـ	She looks after her brother.
pick up	يتعلم	He picked up French quickly.
go through	يعاني من	She went through hard times.

Group B — Common Phrasal Verbs (Part 2)

Phrasal Verb	المعنى	Example
hand in	يسلم	Hand in your homework.
set up	يؤسس	He set up a new business.
find out	يكتشف	I found out the truth.
put up with	يتحمل	She can't put up with noise.
look forward to	ينتظر بشوق	I look forward to the event.
bring about	يسبب / يحدث	Education brings about change.

Apologising & Responding — الاعتذار والرد عليه

😔 Apologising

I'm sorry.

أنا آسف

I'm really sorry.

أنا آسف جداً

I apologise for…

أعتذر عن…

Please forgive me.

من فضلك سامحني

It was my fault.

كان هذا خطئي

I didn't mean to…

لم أقصد أن…

✅ Responding to Apologies

That's okay.

لا بأس

Don't worry.

لا تقلق

No problem.

لا مشكلة

It's alright.

الأمر على ما يرام

Never mind.

لا تهتم

It's fine.

لا بأس

📝 BAC Tip

فالباك: كتجيك situation وخاصك تعتذر أو ترد على اعتذار — استعمل هاد التعبيرات مزيان.

Writing: A Personal Email About a Cultural Event

1

Greeting: Hi / Dear [name]

2

Opening: I hope you are well / doing fine

3

Purpose: I'm writing to tell you about…

4

Details: Describe the cultural event

5

Closing: Write back soon! / Best wishes

deeply rootedcultural heritagemelting pottraditional valuescultural diversity

📝 Model Email

Subject: A Cultural Celebration

Hi Youssef,

I hope you are doing well. I'm writing to tell you about a traditional wedding I attended last weekend. It was an amazing cultural event. The celebration was deeply rooted in our traditions. The bride wore traditional clothes, and the music created a joyful atmosphere. People followed good table manners, and the event brought together people from different backgrounds, creating a real cultural melting pot.

I really enjoyed this experience because it helped me appreciate our cultural heritage and values.

Write back soon!
Best wishes,
Omar

Ready to test yourself? 🎯

Take the Unit 6 interactive quiz

Unit 6 · Cultural Issues and Values

Interactive Quiz

Exercise 1

Vocabulary — Gap Filling

10 pts

Choose from: tradition – respect – tolerance – heritage – diversity – belief – custom – identity – values – cultural exchange

Exercise 2

Phrasal Verbs — Choose the Best Answer

5 pts

Exercise 3

Phrasal Verbs — Fill in the Gaps

5 pts

Use: give up – look after – put off – pick up – set up

Exercise 4

Functions — Apologising (MCQ)

5 pts

Unit 07 · Citizenship

Citizenship — المواطنة

المواطنة

📹 Unit Lesson Video

🎬

Unit 7 · Citizenship · Video coming soon

Overview: Unit 7 covers citizenship, civic responsibility, and human rights. Students explore vocabulary on citizenship, reported speech, giving advice, and informal email writing.

تركز الوحدة على المواطنة والمسؤولية المدنية وحقوق الإنسان وأهمية الواجبات والتطوع والتضامن.

Key Vocabulary — المفردات الأساسية

Word / Expression	المعنى بالعربية
citizen	مواطن
citizenship	المواطنة
responsibility	مسؤولية
duty	واجب
right	حق
obligation	التزام
democracy	ديمقراطية
volunteering	التطوع
solidarity	تضامن
commitment	التزام / إخلاص
honesty	صدق
respect	احترام

Collocations — التعابير المركبة

Collocation	المعنى بالعربية
active citizenship	المواطنة الفعّالة
social justice	العدالة الاجتماعية
voluntary work	العمل التطوعي
human rights	حقوق الإنسان
national anthem	النشيد الوطني
local community	المجتمع المحلي
take action	يتخذ إجراء
moral obligation	واجب أخلاقي
non-governmental organization	منظمة غير حكومية

Word Formation — اشتقاق الكلمات

Base	Verb	Noun	Adjective
Base	Verb	Noun	Adjective
respect	respect	respect	respectful
commit	commit	commitment	committed
volunteer	volunteer	volunteering	voluntary
obey	obey	obedience	obedient
participate	participate	participation	participative
help	help	help	helpful
act	act	action	active
cooperate	cooperate	cooperation	cooperative
protect	protect	protection	protective
lead	lead	leadership	leading

Reported Speech — الكلام المنقول

Rule: Change tense, pronouns and time expressions

كنبدلو الزمن والضمائر والتعابير الزمنية عند نقل الكلام

She said, "I am happy." → She said she was happy.

He said, "I will help you." → He said he would help me.

They said, "We are working." → They said they were working.

Tense Changes

Direct Speech	Reported Speech
Present Simple	Past Simple
Present Continuous	Past Continuous
will	would
can	could
must	had to
should	should (no change)

Time Expression Changes

Direct	Reported
today	that day
tomorrow	the next day
yesterday	the day before
now	then
here	there

Asking for and Giving Advice — طلب النصيحة وتقديمها

❓ Asking for Advice

What should I do if…?

ماذا يجب أن أفعل إذا…؟

Could you give me some advice about…?

هل يمكنك إعطائي نصيحة حول…؟

What do you think I should do?

ماذا تعتقد أنني يجب أن أفعل؟

If you were me, what would you do?

لو كنت مكاني، ماذا ستفعل؟

💡 Giving Advice

You should…

يجب عليك…

If I were you, I'd…

لو كنت مكانك…

Why don't you…?

لماذا لا تقوم بـ…؟

It's a good idea to…

من الجيد أن…

📝 BAC Tip

فالباك: كتجيك situation — respond by giving advice or asking for it. Use these expressions naturally.

Writing: An Informal Email About a Citizenship Activity

1

Greeting: Hi / Dear [name]

2

Opening: How are you? / Hope you are well

3

Purpose: I wanted to tell you about…

4

Details: Describe the event and activities

5

Ask a question: Have you ever…?

6

Closing: Write back soon! + Your name

active citizenshipvoluntary worklocal communitytake actionsolidarity

Subject: Citizenship Week

Hi Karim,

How are you doing? I wanted to tell you about Citizenship Week we had at school last week. We participated in cleaning the park, planting trees, and organizing a charity event. We also discussed the importance of active citizenship and how young people can take action in their communities.

It felt amazing to work together and help others. I learned that even small actions can make a big difference. This experience encouraged me to become more responsible and involved in my local community.

Have you ever taken part in any volunteering activities?

Write back soon!
Best wishes,
Omar

Ready to test yourself? 🎯

Take the Unit 7 interactive quiz

Unit 7 · Citizenship

Interactive Quiz

Exercise 1

Vocabulary — Gap Filling

10 pts

Choose from: citizen – citizenship – responsibility – democracy – solidarity – honesty – right – duty – obligation – respect

Exercise 2

Word Formation

5 pts

Exercise 3

Grammar — Reported Speech

10 pts

Exercise 4

Functions — Advice (MCQ)

5 pts

Unit 08 · Brain Drain

Brain Drain — هجرة الأدمغة

هجرة الأدمغة

📹 Unit Lesson Video

🎬

Unit 8 · Brain Drain · Video coming soon

Overview: Unit 8 explores Brain Drain — the emigration of skilled professionals from developing countries. Students study vocabulary, 2nd and 3rd Conditionals, purpose and reason expressions, and cause-effect article writing.

تتناول الوحدة ظاهرة هجرة الأدمغة وأسبابها وتداعياتها والحلول الممكنة، مع التدرب على الشرطية الثانية والثالثة والتعبير عن الغرض والسبب.

Key Vocabulary — المفردات الأساسية

Word / Expression	المعنى بالعربية
brain drain	هجرة الأدمغة
emigration	الهجرة إلى الخارج
skilled workers	العمال المهرة
developing countries	الدول النامية
unemployment	البطالة
living standards	مستوى المعيشة
research opportunities	فرص البحث العلمي
incentives	الحوافز
economic development	التنمية الاقتصادية
remittances	التحويلات المالية

Collocations — المتلازمات اللفظية

Collocation	الترجمة بالعربية
skilled workers	عمال مهرة / كفاءات مؤهلة
job opportunities	فرص العمل
better living conditions	ظروف عيش أفضل
highly qualified graduates	خريجون ذوو كفاءة عالية
economic migration	الهجرة الاقتصادية
host country	البلد المضيف
home country	البلد الأم
unemployment rate	معدل البطالة
career prospects	آفاق مهنية
professional experience	خبرة مهنية
labour market	سوق الشغل
skilled workforce	قوة عاملة ماهرة

Word Formation — اشتقاق الكلمات

Base	Noun	Adjective / Other
emigrate	emigration	emigrant
develop	development	developed / developing
employ	employment / unemployment	employed / unemployed
migrate	migration	migrant
invest	investment	invested
educate	education	educated

2nd and 3rd Conditionals — الشرطية الثانية والثالثة

Why do we use Conditionals?

نستعمل الجمل الشرطية للتعبير عن مواقف افتراضية. الشرطية الثانية تتعلق بالحاضر أو المستقبل، أما الثالثة فتتعلق بالماضي.

2nd: Talk about imaginary or unlikely situations in the present / future

3rd: Talk about past situations that did not happen and their imagined results

B. Forms

Type	If-clause	Main clause	الشرح
2nd Conditional	If + Past Simple	would + infinitive	موقف افتراضي في الحاضر أو المستقبل
3rd Conditional	If + had + past participle	would have + past participle	موقف لم يقع في الماضي

2nd: If the government paid higher salaries, more doctors would stay.

3rd: If he had found a good job at home, he would not have emigrated.

C. Examples in Context — Brain Drain

2nd Conditional (imaginary present/future):

If the government invested more in research, fewer scientists would leave.

If universities offered better facilities, graduates would stay in the country.

If there were more job opportunities, young people would not emigrate.

3rd Conditional (imaginary past):

If she had received a scholarship, she would have studied in Morocco.

If the country had built more research centres, it would not have lost its best engineers.

If they had been offered good salaries, they would have remained in their homeland.

D. Common Mistakes to Avoid

❌ If he would study harder, he would pass.

✅ If he studied harder, he would pass.

❌ If she had work abroad, she would have earned more.

✅ If she had worked abroad, she would have earned more.

❌ If they would have stayed, things would be better.

✅ If they had stayed, things would have been better.

Expressing Purpose and Reason — التعبير عن الغرض والسبب

Expressing Purpose — الغرض

Structure	Example	الشرح
to + infinitive	Many graduates emigrate to find better jobs.	للدلالة على الهدف
in order to + inf.	She studied hard in order to get a scholarship.	للغرض بشكل رسمي
so as to + inf.	He left Morocco so as to improve his career.	نفس معنى in order to
so that + subj + can	They emigrate so that they can enjoy better living standards.	حتى يتمكن شخص من فعل شيء

⚠️ Note: so that needs subject + can + verb — NOT an infinitive.
❌ so that find better jobs → ✅ so that they can find better jobs

Expressing Reason — السبب

Many professionals leave because of low salaries.

Due to a lack of opportunities, graduates seek work abroad.

Since there are few research centres, scientists go elsewhere.

becausebecause ofdue tosinceasowing to

Writing: A Cause and Effect Article

1

Introduction: Introduce and define the topic briefly

2

Causes: Use firstly, secondly, because of, due to

3

Effects: Use as a result, consequently, therefore

4

Solutions: Propose solutions

5

Conclusion: Recommendation or summary

📊 Information Chart

Item	Information
Topic	Brain Drain
Cause 1	Low salaries and poor working conditions
Cause 2	Lack of research opportunities
Effect 1	Shortage of skilled workers
Effect 2	Slow economic development
Solution	Better salaries, research funding, and incentives

firstlysecondlyas a resultconsequentlythereforedue tobecause of

📝 Model Cause and Effect Article

Brain Drain: A Challenge for Developing Nations

Brain drain is one of the most serious challenges facing developing countries today. It refers to the emigration of talented and educated professionals to wealthier nations in search of better opportunities.

There are several causes of this phenomenon. Firstly, low salaries and poor working conditions push skilled workers to look for better-paid jobs abroad. Secondly, the lack of research opportunities and modern facilities discourages scientists and engineers from staying in their home countries.

As a result, developing countries suffer from a severe shortage of qualified professionals. This leads to slower economic development and weakens the education and healthcare systems.

To solve this problem, governments must offer competitive salaries, fund research centres, and create incentives to encourage their talented citizens to stay and contribute to national development.

Ready to test yourself? 🎯

Take the Unit 8 interactive quiz

Unit 8 · Brain Drain

Interactive Quiz

Exercise 1

Vocabulary — Gap Filling

5 pts

Choose from: brain drain – emigration – incentives – unemployment – remittances

Exercise 2

Word Formation

5 pts

Exercise 3

Grammar — 2nd and 3rd Conditionals (MCQ)

5 pts

Exercise 4

Grammar — Complete the Conditionals

5 pts

Exercise 5

Functions — Purpose and Reason (MCQ)

2 pts

Exercise 6

Functions — Complete with Purpose Expression

5 pts

Unit 09 · Advances in Science and Technology

Advances in Science and Technology

التقدم العلمي والتكنولوجي

📹 Unit Lesson Video

🎬

Unit 9 · Science and Technology · Video coming soon

Overview: Unit 9 explores the world of science and technology and its impact on modern life. Students learn vocabulary on innovation and technology, practise Relative Pronouns, express wishes and regrets, and write a for-and-against essay.

تتناول الوحدة تأثير العلم والتكنولوجيا على الحياة المعاصرة — أسماء الموصول، الأمنيات والندم، ومقال المزايا والمساوئ.

Key Vocabulary — المفردات الأساسية

Word / Expression	المعنى بالعربية
scientific advances	التقدم العلمي
innovation	الابتكار
artificial intelligence	الذكاء الاصطناعي
biotechnology	التكنولوجيا الحيوية
renewable energy	الطاقة المتجددة
genetic engineering	الهندسة الوراثية
space exploration	استكشاف الفضاء
robotics	علم الروبوتات
nanotechnology	تكنولوجيا النانو
digital revolution	الثورة الرقمية

Collocations — المتلازمات اللفظية

Collocation	الترجمة بالعربية
artificial intelligence	الذكاء الاصطناعي
technological progress	التقدم التكنولوجي
scientific breakthrough	اختراق علمي
medical advances	تطورات طبية
digital communication	التواصل الرقمي
cutting-edge technology	تكنولوجيا متطورة جدًا
internet access	الولوج إلى الإنترنت
technological innovation	الابتكار التكنولوجي
online learning	التعلم عبر الإنترنت
social media platforms	منصات التواصل الاجتماعي
communication tools	وسائل التواصل
cyber security	الأمن السيبراني

Word Formation — اشتقاق الكلمات

Base	Noun	Adjective / Other
invent	invention / inventor	inventive
discover	discovery	discovered
develop	development	developed
communicate	communication	communicative
innovate	innovation	innovative
explore	exploration	exploratory

Relative Pronouns — أسماء الموصول

A. What are Relative Pronouns?

أسماء الموصول تُستعمل لربط جملتين معاً وإضافة معلومات حول اسم سبق ذكره، وتحل محل الاسم المكرر في الجملة الثانية.

Relative pronouns join two sentences and give more information about a noun.

They replace a repeated noun and introduce a relative clause.

B. Which Pronoun to Use?

Pronoun	Used for	Example	يُستعمل مع
who	people	The scientist who discovered penicillin was Fleming.	الأشخاص
which	things / animals	The invention which changed the world was the internet.	الأشياء والحيوانات
that	people or things	The robot that was built last year won a prize.	الأشخاص والأشياء
whose	possession	The engineer whose design was chosen works in Casablanca.	الملكية
where	places	The laboratory where they work is very modern.	الأماكن

C. Examples in Context — Science and Technology

The scientist who invented the telephone was Alexander Graham Bell.

Artificial intelligence is a technology which is changing every industry.

The country whose scientists win the most Nobel Prizes leads in innovation.

NASA is an organisation where thousands of engineers work together.

The robot that was designed by students won a national competition.

D. Defining vs Non-Defining Relative Clauses

Defining — essential info, no commas:
The student who studies hard will succeed.

Non-defining — extra info, uses commas, cannot use that:
Albert Einstein, who was born in Germany, changed the world of physics.

The internet, which was invented in the 20th century, connects billions of people.

⚠️ Note: In non-defining clauses, that cannot be used — only who or which.

E. Common Mistakes to Avoid

❌ The scientist which won the prize is Moroccan.

✅ The scientist who won the prize is Moroccan.

❌ The lab who they work in is modern.

✅ The lab where they work is modern.

❌ Einstein, that was a genius, changed physics.

✅ Einstein, who was a genius, changed physics.

Expressing Wishes and Regrets — التعبير عن الأمنيات والندم

Wishes About the Present — I wish + Past Simple

نستعمل I wish + ماضٍ بسيط للتعبير عن أمنية في الحاضر — شيء لا يتحقق الآن.
⚠️ نستعمل were بدل was مع جميع الضمائر.

I wish I had a better smartphone.

I wish scientists could find a cure for cancer.

I wish technology were available to everyone.

Regrets About the Past — I wish + Past Perfect (had + PP)

نستعمل I wish + had + التصريف الثالث للتعبير عن الندم على شيء حدث أو لم يحدث في الماضي.

I wish I had studied science at university.

I wish they had invested more in research.

I wish the government had not cut the education budget.

If Only — stronger form of I wish

If only تُستعمل بنفس معنى I wish لكنها أقوى في التعبير عن الرغبة أو الندم.

If only scientists could find a cure for all diseases.

If only I had chosen a career in technology.

If only the world invested more in renewable energy.

Summary Table

Meaning	Structure	Example
Wish about present	I wish + Past Simple	I wish I had better equipment.
Regret about past	I wish + had + PP	I wish I had studied harder.
Strong wish / regret	If only + same rules	If only we had more funding.

Writing: A For-and-Against Essay

1

Introduction: Introduce the topic and state there are two sides

2

Arguments For: Use on the one hand, furthermore, in addition

3

Arguments Against: Use on the other hand, however, nevertheless

4

Conclusion: Balanced opinion — use in conclusion, on balance, to sum up

📊 Information Chart

Item	Information
Topic	Is technology more harmful or beneficial to society?
Argument For 1	Improves communication and access to information
Argument For 2	Advances in medicine save millions of lives
Argument Against 1	Creates unemployment by replacing human workers
Argument Against 2	Causes social isolation and addiction
Conclusion	On balance, technology is beneficial if used responsibly

on the one handfurthermoreon the other handhoweverin conclusionon balance

📝 Model For-and-Against Essay

The Impact of Technology on Society: Benefits and Drawbacks

Technology has transformed almost every aspect of modern life. While many people believe that scientific advances bring enormous benefits, others argue that they also create serious problems. This essay will examine both sides of the argument.

On the one hand, technology has greatly improved communication and access to information. Thanks to the internet, people can connect instantly across the world. Furthermore, advances in medicine and biotechnology have saved millions of lives and helped defeat diseases that were once considered incurable.

On the other hand, technology has led to the disappearance of many traditional jobs, as robots and machines replace human workers. In addition, excessive use of digital devices has caused social isolation, particularly among young people.

In conclusion, while technology does have its drawbacks, its benefits are undeniable. If used responsibly and ethically, scientific advances can greatly improve the quality of human life.

Ready to test yourself? 🎯

Take the Unit 9 interactive quiz

Unit 9 · Science and Technology

Interactive Quiz

Exercise 1

Vocabulary — Gap Filling

5 pts

Choose from: artificial intelligence – innovation – robotics – renewable energy – space exploration

Exercise 2

Word Formation

5 pts

Exercise 3

Grammar — Relative Pronouns (Choose the correct pronoun)

5 pts

Exercise 4

Grammar — Join the sentences using a relative pronoun

5 pts

Exercise 5

Functions — Wishes and Regrets (Choose the correct form)

5 pts

Unit 10 · International Organizations

International Organizations

المنظمات الدولية

📹 Unit Lesson Video

🎬

Unit 10 · International Organizations · Video coming soon

Overview: Unit 10 explores international organizations and their role in promoting peace, cooperation and development. Students study vocabulary, linking words, expressing certainty and probability, and advantages-disadvantages article writing.

تتناول الوحدة المنظمات الدولية ودورها في تحقيق السلام والتعاون والتنمية — أدوات الربط، اليقين والاحتمال، ومقال المزايا والمساوئ.

Key Vocabulary — المفردات الأساسية

Word / Expression	المعنى بالعربية
international organization	منظمة دولية
United Nations (UN)	الأمم المتحدة
humanitarian aid	مساعدات إنسانية
peacekeeping mission	مهمة حفظ السلام
human rights	حقوق الإنسان
cooperation	التعاون
development	التنمية
conflict resolution	حل النزاعات
non-governmental organization (NGO)	منظمة غير حكومية
global issues	قضايا عالمية

Collocations — التعابير المركبة

Collocation	الترجمة
secretary general	الأمين العام
promote peace	تعزيز السلام
provide aid	تقديم المساعدة
protect human rights	حماية حقوق الإنسان
solve conflicts	حل النزاعات
international cooperation	التعاون الدولي
global development	التنمية العالمية
take action	اتخاذ إجراءات
support communities	دعم المجتمعات
fight poverty	محاربة الفقر
raise awareness	نشر الوعي

Word Formation — اشتقاق الكلمات

Base	Noun	Adjective / Other
develop	development	developed / developing
cooperate	cooperation	cooperative
protect	protection	protective
govern	government	governmental
assist	assistance	assistant
organize	organization	organized

Linking Words — أدوات الربط

Part 1 — Linking Words by Function

Function	الوظيفة	Linking Words	Example
Addition	الإضافة	and, also, moreover, in addition	Organizations provide aid and support development.
Contrast	التناقض	although, however, despite, in spite of	Although they try, conflicts still exist.
Cause	السبب	because, since, as	They cooperate because global problems affect everyone.
Effect	النتيجة	so, therefore, as a result	The UN intervenes, so peace is restored.
Sequence	الترتيب	first, then, after that, finally	First, they negotiate. Then, they act.
Conclusion	الخلاصة	in conclusion, to sum up, overall	In conclusion, cooperation is essential.

Part 2 — Three Types of Usage

✅ Type 1: followed by Subject + Verb

because / although / since → Countries cooperate because they face global issues.

✅ Type 2: followed by Noun / Gerund / "the fact that"

because of / due to / despite / in spite of → Despite the conflict, the UN intervened.

⚠️ despite / in spite of + noun or gerund — NOT + subject + verb

✅ Type 3: Sentence Connectors (start of new sentence)

However, / Therefore, / Moreover, → used after a full stop + comma

The situation is difficult. However, solutions exist.

The country is unstable. Therefore, aid is necessary.

The UN provides food. Moreover, it supports education.

Expressing Certainty and Probability — اليقين والاحتمال

✅ Positive Certainty — اليقين الإيجابي (100% sure)

نستعمل هذه العبارات عندما نكون متأكدين 100%

Expression	Example
must	This must be an important organization.
I'm sure	I'm sure the UN plays a key role.
certainly	This is certainly a global issue.
there is no doubt that	There is no doubt that cooperation is necessary.

❌ Negative Certainty — اليقين السلبي (100% sure it is NOT)

can't → This can't be an effective solution.

🔵 Expressing Probability — الاحتمال (not 100% sure)

نستعمل هذه العبارات عندما لا نكون متأكدين 100%

Expression	Example
probably	They will probably find a solution.
might	The organization might help refugees.
it is likely that	It is likely that the conflict will end soon.

Writing: An Advantages and Disadvantages Article

1

Introduction: Introduce the topic

2

Advantages: Use on the one hand, moreover, in addition

3

Disadvantages: Use on the other hand, however, in addition

4

Conclusion: Balanced opinion — use in conclusion, however

📊 Information Chart

Item	Information
Topic	Advantages and disadvantages of social media
Advantage 1	Easy communication
Advantage 2	Access to information
Disadvantage 1	Addiction
Disadvantage 2	Cyberbullying
Conclusion	Useful if used wisely

on the one handmoreoveron the other handin additionin conclusionhowever

📝 Model Article

Social Media: Advantages and Disadvantages

Social media has become an important part of modern life. While it has many advantages, it also has some disadvantages.

On the one hand, social media allows people to communicate easily with friends and family. Moreover, it gives users access to a large amount of information in a short time.

On the other hand, social media can be addictive, especially for young people. In addition, it can lead to cyberbullying and negatively affect mental health.

In conclusion, social media is very useful. However, it should be used carefully and responsibly.

Ready to test yourself? 🎯

Take the Unit 10 interactive quiz

Unit 10 · International Organizations

Interactive Quiz

Exercise 1

Vocabulary — Gap Filling

5 pts

Choose from: humanitarian aid – cooperation – NGO – human rights – development

Exercise 2

Word Formation

5 pts

Exercise 3

Grammar — Linking Words (Choose the correct answer)

4 pts

Exercise 4

Grammar — Rewrite Using the Suggested Linking Word

5 pts

Exercise 5

Functions — Certainty and Probability (MCQ)

4 pts

Home / Downloadable Resources

BAC English Resources

📥 Downloadable Resources

12 rich, bilingual revision resources for Moroccan 2nd Year Baccalaureate students. Click any card to open a print-ready page — your browser's Print dialog can save it as a PDF.

12

Resources

10

Units Covered

EN/AR

Bilingual

Free

For Members

💡 How to use: Tap a resource to open it in a new window with rich, formatted content. Then click the 🖨️ Print / Save as PDF button at the bottom — choose "Save as PDF" in your browser's print dialog.

BacEnglishLab

What's in the platform

10 Full BAC Units

Game Lab

Writing Lab

Reading Lab

Exam Lab

Practice Lab

Live Sessions

Students' opinions

Master Englishfor the Bac Examwith Confidence

All 10 Units Covered

The 6 Labs

Gifts of Youth — مواهب الشباب

Key Vocabulary — المفردات الأساسية

Important Collocations — التعابير المركّبة

Word Formation — اشتقاق الكلمات

Gerund – Infinitive – Bare Infinitive

Functions — Giving Opinion / Agreeing / Disagreeing

💬 Giving Opinion

✅ Agreeing

❌ Disagreeing

Writing Task — Describing a Person

Ready to test yourself? 🎯

Interactive Quiz

Education — التعليم

Key Vocabulary — المفردات الأساسية

Collocations — المتلازمات اللفظية

Word Formation — اشتقاق الكلمات

The Past Perfect Tense — الماضي التام

Making and Responding to Complaints — الشكاوى

😤 Making Complaints

✅ Responding

📝 BAC Tip

Writing: A Report About an Educational Event

Ready to test yourself? 🎯

Interactive Quiz

Sustainable Development — التنمية المستدامة

Key Vocabulary — المفردات الأساسية

Collocations — المتلازمات اللفظية

Word Formation — اشتقاق الكلمات

Future Simple vs Future Perfect — المستقبل البسيط والتام

Making Requests — الطلبات

🙏 Making Requests

✅ Accepting

❌ Refusing

Writing: A Paragraph

Ready to test yourself? 🎯

Interactive Quiz

Women and Power — المرأة والسلطة

Key Vocabulary — المفردات الأساسية

Collocations — المتلازمات اللفظية

Word Formation — اشتقاق الكلمات

The Passive Voice — المبني للمجهول

Asking for and Giving Advice — طلب النصيحة وتقديمها

❓ Asking for Advice

💡 Giving Advice

📝 BAC Tip

Writing: A Film Review

Ready to test yourself? 🎯

Interactive Quiz

Humour — الفكاهة

Key Vocabulary — المفردات الأساسية

Collocations — المتلازمات اللفظية

Word Formation — اشتقاق الكلمات

Modal Verbs — الأفعال الشرطية

Functions — Expressing Lack of Understanding & Asking for Clarification

😕 Lack of Understanding

🔍 Asking for Clarification

🔁 Asking to Repeat

Writing Task — Funny, Scary or Embarrassing Story

Ready to test yourself? 🎯

Interactive Quiz

Cultural Issues and Values — القيم الثقافية

Key Vocabulary — المفردات الأساسية

Collocations — التعابير المركبة

Phrasal Verbs — List A

Phrasal Verbs — List B

Phrasal Verbs — الأفعال المركبة

Apologising & Responding — الاعتذار والرد عليه

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